Перспективы науки и образования

Introduction. In the modern educational space of each state, music education plays an essential role in the upbringing of the rising generation. The national musical culture of Ancient China, as well as some aspects of musical education organization in the Pre-Qin period, have served as the primary basis in the sphere of modernization and improvement of the modern musical education system in this country. The aim of this article is to summarize some theoretical aspects of the organization of music education in ancient China – in the Pre-Qin period (8500–221 BC).

Materials and methods. The generalized materials of researchers’ works reveal the practice of “early” musical education in Ancient China, expressing the interests of this or that ruling dynasty (from the primitive society, where the Chinese national musical culture had originated, up to the Qin dynasty). Representing an important historical epoch, the Pre-Qin period reflects the time of the formation of a unique system of organization of traditional music education in China. Each era that is part of the Pre-Qin period has its own distinctive features and cultural and historical characteristics.

Results. In the course of summarizing certain theoretical aspects of the organization of music education in the Pre-Qin period, the names of four epochs were specified, as well as the peculiarities of the organization of general and music education in ancient China.

Thus, the first era “Chinese music education in primitive society” (or) “Prehistoric China” (8500–2070 BC) is conventionally considered a time of origin of music education; a period of formation of genres of Chinese folk music culture, based on myths, religion, legends, and customs of ancient China.

The second era, “Chinese Music Education in the Xia and Shang Dynasties” or “Bronze Age” (2070–1046 BC), is characterized by the appearance of the first musical instruments; the transformation of the functions of music education – from religious service to entertainment; the consolidation of the name “court music and dance education”; the appearance of the first specialized educational institutions and “special” music teachers.

Music education in the third era “Chinese music education in the Western Zhou Dynasty” (1046–771 BC) had the name “rites and music education”; distinguished by the appearance of the first musical performance groups; the training of “professional personnel” in music education.

The peculiarity of the fourth epoch “Chinese music education in the Spring and Autumn Era and the Age of Fighting Kingdoms” (770–221 BC) is the modernization and improvement of forms, methods, and means of music education; production of musical instruments; wide practice of performing schools and educational activities of Chinese thinkers, politicians, and educators; and availability of music education to various strata of the population.

Conclusion. This study allows arguing that the Pre-Qin period is the initial stage in the formation of music education in ancient China. Moreover, it also can be considered one of the most important times in a historical retrospective – the active development of the Chinese music education system.

Keywords: ancient Chinese music education, Pre-Qin period, epoch, musical educational institutions, organization of music education in ancient China

For Reference: Yang Zhou, Klimov, V. I., & Kirichenko, T. D. (2022). Organization of music education in the Pre-Qin period: a theoretical aspect. Perspektivy nauki i obrazovania – Perspectives of Science and Education, 60 (6), 459-474. doi: 10.32744/pse.2022.6.27

Information about the authors:

Yang Zhou (Russia, Yelets) - Postgraduate student of the Institute of History and Culture. Bunin Yelets State University. E-mail: zhouyang1986@mail.ru. ORCID ID: 0000-0002-4619-1864

Vladimir I. Klimov (Russia, Yelets) - Associate Professor, Cand. Sci. (Educ.), Head of Music Education Department, Institute of History and Culture. Bunin Yelets State University. E-mail: autentichnyi25@yandex.ru. ORCID ID: 0000-0003-1123-6687. Scopus Author ID: 57205326927

Tatiana D. Kirichenko (Russia, Yelets) - Associate Professor, Cand. Sci. (Educ.), Bunin Yelets State University. E-mail: tatiana.kirichenko1@mail.ru. ORCID ID: 0000-0003-1939-4129