Introduction. The Korean government has been making efforts to prevent sexual harassment and sexual violence by enacting the mandatory implementation of sexual harassment and sexual violence prevention education in 1999. Nevertheless, the rate of sexual harassment and sexual violence in the public service is continuously increasing. This study analyzed the effects of sexual harassment and sexual violence prevention education on gender sensitivity targeting Korean public officials, focusing on the effects of sex and age.
Research method. The effectiveness of sexual harassment prevention education was compared with 108 people in the experimental group who completed sexual harassment prevention education and 91 people in the control group with a similar gender, age, and rank distribution who did not complete such education. Reliability, frequency, cross tab, ANCOVA, and paired t-test were conducted using SPSS 24.0.
Results. First, it was found that sexual harassment and sexual violence prevention education had a positive effect on gender sensitivity. There were significant differences that the experimental group showed a lower level of misogyny (F=4.861, p<.05) and a higher level of susceptibility of sexual violence (F=249.188, p<.001) than the control group. Second, the effectiveness of sexual harassment prevention education was more pronounced for men than for women. In the case of men, misogyny (t=4.034, p<.001), hostile sexism (t=3.915, p<.001), and passive sexism (t=6.497, p<.001) were lowered, and susceptibility to sexual violence was higher (t=-3.730, p<.001), showing significant changes in all factors of gender sensitivity. Third, there were the improved recognition level for all items after prevention education. Lastly, satisfaction with sexual harassment and sexual violence prevention education was found to be very high.
Practical significance. Sexual harassment and sexual violence prevention education needs to reflect the changed laws, social systems, and social culture according to various and specific situations in the educational content, and it is necessary to provide an education method that applies small-group regular education in each stage. Improving gender sensitivity within the organization will have an impact on eradicating sexism, which will eventually become a cornerstone for forming a gender-equal organizational culture.
Keywords: gender sensitivity, sexual harassment, sexual violence, prevention education, Korean public officials, misogyny, hostile sexism, passive sexism, susceptibility to sexual violence
For Reference:
Kim, Y.-J., Lee, S.-J., Seo, S.-Y. (2022). The effect of sexual harassment and sexual violence prevention education on gender sensitivity: Focus on Korean public officials. Perspektivy nauki i obrazovania – Perspectives of Science and Education, 60 (6), 433-444. doi: 10.32744/pse.2022.6.25
Information about the authors:
Yun-Jeong Kim (South Korea, Seosan city) - Doctor of Humanities, Professor. Department of Health, Counseling and Welfare. Hanseo University. E-mail: twoyun21@hanmail.net. ORCID ID: 0000-0001-7707-8330 Sang-Jin Lee (South Korea, Seosan city) - Doctor of Humanities, Head of a Department. Chungcheongnam-do Public Agency for Social Service. E-mail: welfare-i@hanmail.net. ORCID ID: 0000-0003-0206-5222 Sun Young Seo (South Korea, Seoul) - Doctor of Humanities, Lecturer. Dasan College. Ajou University. E-mail: drseo416@gmail.com. ORCID ID: 0000-0002-6925-9163
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