Introduction. The digital era and Industrial Revolution 4.0 necessitate an adaptive approach to Indonesian language learning, particularly through multiliteracy. Existing models often lack comprehensive digital media integration and a unified framework for diverse literacy skills across Indonesian regions. This study developed and validated the MULTIBI (Multiliteracy-Based Indonesian Language Instruction) Model, a multiliteracy-based Indonesian language learning model to enhance students’ critical thinking, information evaluation, and multimodal content production – essential 21st-century skills.
Study participants and methods. This study employed an R&D approach using the ADDIE model (Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, Evaluation) to design a multiliteracy-based Indonesian language learning model. Data were gathered through observations, interviews, questionnaires, validation sheets, multiliteracy skill tests, and perception scales. Participants included 90 students and 3 teachers from East Java, Central Kalimantan, and East Nusa Tenggara schools. Quantitative (t-tests, ANOVA, Cohen’s d) and qualitative analyses were used to evaluate model feasibility, effectiveness, and student engagement.
Results. Findings revealed students struggled with digital (76%), visual (70%), and information literacy (79%), alongside conventional learning, teacher training deficits, infrastructure limitations (81%), and low motivation. The MULTIBI Model integrates five literacy aspects (digital, media, visual, information, and textual) within a blended, collaborative, and project-based learning strategy. Expert validation confirmed high feasibility (87.3%). Trials in Java, Kalimantan, and East Nusa Tenggara involving 90 students used validation sheets, multiliteracy tests, and perception questionnaires. Quantitative (t-tests, ANOVA, Cohen’s d) and qualitative analyses demonstrated the model’s effectiveness.
Conclusion. MULTIBI provides a practical, empirically validated solution for Indonesian education, emphasizing the urgent need for enhanced teacher training and digital infrastructure to foster students’ critical and creative skills for the 21st century.
Keywords: MULTIBI model, multiliteracy, Indonesian language, ADDIE, digital literacy, 21st-century skills
For Citation: Iswatiningsih, D., Diplan, & Setiawan, M. A. (2025). Development and Validation of the MULTIBI Model: A Multiliteracy-Based Approach to Indonesian Language Learning for the Industrial 4.0 Era. Perspektivy nauki i obrazovania = Perspectives of Science and Education, (6), 329–345. https://doi.org/10.32744/pse.2025.6.21
Authors:
Daroe Iswatiningsih (Indonesia, Malang) — Doctor of language, Assoc Professor. Muhammadiyah University of Malang. E-mail: iswatiningsihdaroe1@gmail.com
Diplan (Indonesia, Palangkaraya) — Doctor of language, Assoc Professor. University of Palangkaraya. E-mail: diplan161181@fkip.upr.ac.id
Muhammad Andi Setiawan (Indonesia, Sampit) — Lecturer, University Muhammadiyah Sampit. E-mail: andiysetiawan@gmail.com
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